The present study was undertaken to work out the per hectare cost of production and profit from soybean in Malwa plateau of Madhya Pradesh. The study was based on primary data collected from 240 cultivators, who belong to three categories viz. small -110, medium -70 and large - 60 farmers. In cost of cultivation of soybean, the operational cost accounted for 73.75 per cent on medium farm, 73.45 per cent on small and 71.57 per cent on large farms of the total cost of cultivation of soybean while, at aggregate level it was 72.90 per cent of the total cost. The maximum cost of cultivation for soybean was incurred on large size of farms was Rs. 7909.10, Rs. 7798.74 on medium and Rs. 6984.52 on small size of farms. The productivity of soybean was found maximum in medium size of farms (9.05 q/ha), followed by large (9.01 q/ha) and small size of farms (8.88 q/ha). Maximum gross income received from soybean cultivation was Rs. 11328.00, Rs. 11672.00 and Rs. 11712.5.5 per hectare for small, medium and large size of farms, respectively. The cultivators of the area also reported low yield of soybean due to high cost of input materials, unavailability of desired input in time, lack of knowledge of intercropping practices, lack of capital and non- availability of proper equipments for cultivation specially seed drill for adjusting row to row distance in intercropping of soybean with maize or pigeonpea.

Keyword: Soyabeen; Profitability; Constraints