A vegetarian dietary preference highlights the significant role in human nutrition and overall health. They are the rich source of essential nutrients, vitamins, antioxidants, and bioactive compounds, which offer a multitude of health benefits. These bioactive compounds are particularly noteworthy for their potential to prevent chronic diseases, with a strong emphasis on conditions like cardiovascular disease and cancer. Brinjal (eggplant) contains chlorogenic acid and nasunin, which have demonstrated anti-carcinogenic, anti-obesity, and anti-diabetic properties. Lycopene, found in tomatoes, watermelons and carrots contributes to protection against cancer and enhances the immune system. Onions and garlic are rich in allicin, allyl propyl disulfide, and di-allyl disulfide, which not only help shield against certain cancers and heart disease but also boost immunity. Cruciferous vegetables are known for being a potent source of sulforaphane, which is renowned for its anti-cancer properties. Beans, on the other hand, are abundant in flavonoids (specifically isoflavones), which have the ability to lower cholesterol levels and mitigate the risk of cancer. Cucurbits, such as cucumbers and squash, contain cucurbitacin, which displays anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular effects. These bioactive compounds offer a wide range of health benefits, primarily due to their potent antioxidant properties and also play a significant role in protecting the body against diseases triggered by oxidative stress and can aid in the prevention of specific cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders, including high cholesterol levels, high blood pressure, Alzheimer's or Parkinson's diseases, type II diabetes, cancers, and urinary tract infections. It's important to note that the health benefits of these phenolic compounds are further accentuated by the fact that vegetables are typically low in calories while being high in vitamins and minerals. Their phytochemical-rich composition bestows them with medicinal value, making them invaluable contributors to human well-being. In conclusion, this paper emphasizes the essential role of these diverse bioactive compounds found in vegetables, highlighting their potential medicinal properties and advocating for the incorporation of more vegetables into the diet as a means of promoting overall health and preventing chronic diseases.

Keyword: Bioactive medicinal molecule, Nutraceutical, Vegetable, Health benefit,