Drought is a creeping natural hazard that results from a deficiency of precipitation from long-term average, adversely affecting the productivity and survival of animals and human. Drought is a very common phenomenon in Rajasthan. Therefore, a study was carried out purposively in the five severe drought prone districts of Rajasthan i.e. Barmer, Jodhpur, Jaisalmer, Jalore and Sirohi where the reoccurrence of drought was once in every three years. 300 livestock owners who possessed at least one milch animal (cattle and/or goat) at the time of investigation were selected from 20 villages belonging to 10 tehsils of above five districts. The data were collected through pre-tested structured schedule by personal interview method. The findings of study revealed that drought-led risk was high to subunits of the human-animal ecosystem with respect to the water level in reservoirs, feed/fodder availability at pasture land, water availability for crop and fodder production and production and reproduction performance of livestock. Major adaptive and coping strategies adopted by livestock owners to mitigate drought vulnerability were diversification of herd structure, fulfilment of dry fodder requirement by hay making, fulfilment of water requirement by water harvesting tank/ govt. supply and migration of family member(s) to urban areas for jobs as an alternate source of income. None of livestock owners adopted fulfilment of green fodder requirement by silage making and improvement of quality of wheat straw by urea treatment which requires special attention of the government in terms of awareness and training on scientific animal husbandry.